<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<XML>
<JOURNAL>
<YEAR>1405</YEAR>
<VOL>13</VOL>
<NO>1</NO>
<MOSALSAL>47</MOSALSAL>
<PAGE_NO>76</PAGE_NO>


<ARTICLES>

	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>پیش‌بینی افسردگی با استفاده از تکنیک‌های داده‌کاوی و الگوریتم‌های هوش مصنوعی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Predicting Depression Using Data Mining Techniques and Artificial Intelligence Algorithms</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: سبک زندگی مدرن امروزی باعث ایجاد انواع مختلف اختلالات سلامت روان در بسیاری از افراد و&#160; مشکلات روانی زیادی مانند اضطراب، استرس و افسردگی شده است. در انجام مصاحبه، روانشناس با مشکلاتی مواجه است که معلول فرآیند مصاحبه، مصاحبه شونده و مصاحبه&#8204;گر می&#8204;باشند که این اشتباهات را می&#8204;توان معلول شبکه بغرنج و بسیار پیچیده کنش&#8204;هایی دانست که در روابط چهره به چهره بین مصاحبه&#8204;گر و مصاحبه شونده صورت می&#8204;گیرد. با توجه به اینکه انسان و روابط انسانی همیشه مستعد بروز خطا بوده و تشخیص اختلالات، بعضاً تابعی از عواطف و احساسات مراجع و درمانگر می&#8204;باشد، استفاده از ابزاری که بتواند بدون دخالت انسان و با دقت بسیار بالا افسردگی را پیش&#8204;بینی کند، ضروری&#8204;است.
روش کار: در این پژوهش، از داده&#8204;های واقعی برای پیش&#8204;بینی افسردگی و معرفی روش پیشنهادی استفاده شد. این داده&#8204;ها مربوط به 600 نفر مراجعه کننده است که از میان آن&#8204;ها 297 نفر بدون افسردگی و 303 نفر نیز دارای افسردگی تشخیص داده شده&#8204;اند. در این پژوهش از درخت تصمیم C5.0 &#160;جهت استخراج قوانین و از الگوریتم ژنتیک برای انتخاب بهترین قوانین با بالاترین دقت پیش&#8204;بینی استفاده گردید. ارزیابی روش پیشنهادی با استفاده از معیار تعداد نمونه&#8204;های به&#8204;درستی پیش&#8204;بینی&#8204;شده با وزن&#8204;دهی انجام شد.
یافته&#8204;ها: نتایج نشان داد که روش پیشنهادی دقتی به مراتب بالاتر از بسیاری از روش&#8204;های یادگیری ماشین ارائه می&#8204;دهد همچنین از میان تمامی قوانین استخراج شده، همچنین از میان تمامی قوانین استخراج&#8204;شده، قوانینی انتخاب گردیدند که بیشترین تأثیر و کمترین همپوشانی و تعارض را در تشخیص افسردگی یا عدم افسردگی داشتند. افزون بر این مؤثرترین ویژگی&#8204;های دخیل در افسردگی نیز توسط الگوریتم مشخص گردید. براساس داده&#8204;های مورد بررسی، به ترتیب انگیزه خودکشی، خود بیمار انگاری یا هیپوکندریازیس و ترومای دوران کودکی، به عنوان سه عامل مهم و مؤثر در افسردگی تشخیص داده شدند.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: استفاده از تکنیک&#8204;های داده کاوی و ابزارهای یادگیری ماشین در پیش&#8204;بینی افسردگی بسیار کارا و مؤثر است. استخراج مهم&#8204;ترین ویژگی&#8204;های تأثیرگذار بر متغیر خروجی می&#8204;تواند تأثیر بسزایی در کاهش زمان و هزینه مراجعان و همچنین افزایش دقت تشخیص درمانگر داشته باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: Modern lifestyles have led to various mental health disorders and significant psychological issues&#8212;such as anxiety, stress, and depression&#8212;in many individuals. Psychologists encounter challenges during the interview process that stem from the process itself, the interviewee, and the interviewer; these errors can be attributed to the intricate and highly complex network of interactions occurring during face-to-face exchanges between the interviewer and the interviewee. Given that human beings and human interactions are inherently prone to error, and that the diagnosis of disorders is often influenced by the emotions and feelings of both the client and the therapist, there is a critical need for a tool capable of predicting depression with high accuracy and without human intervention.
Method: In this study, real data was used to predict depression and demonstrate the proposed method. The dataset comprised 600 individuals, of whom 297 were diagnosed as not having depression and 303 as having depression. The C5.0 decision tree was employed to extract rules, while a genetic algorithm was used to select the optimal rules yielding the highest prediction accuracy. The proposed method was evaluated based on the weighted count of correctly predicted samples.
Results: The results demonstrated that the proposed method offers significantly higher accuracy than many existing machine learning techniques. Furthermore, among all the extracted rules, those exhibiting the greatest impact&#8212;along with minimal overlap and conflict&#8212;regarding the detection of the presence or absence of depression were selected. Additionally, the algorithm identified the most influential features associated with depression. Based on the analyzed data, suicidal ideation, hypochondriasis, and childhood trauma were identified, in that order, as three significant and influential factors in depression.
Conclusion: The use of data mining techniques and machine learning tools is highly efficient and effective for predicting depression. Extracting the most significant features influencing the output variable can substantially reduce time and costs for clients while enhancing the accuracy of the therapist&#39;s diagnosis.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>1</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>11</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/31
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1404/10/10
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/6
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/1/17
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>بهزاد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ربیعی قهفرخی</Family>
				<NameE>Behzad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Rabiee-Ghahfarrokhi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، مرکز فرخ‌شهر، چهارمحال و بختیاری، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>b.rabiee1364@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>زهرا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>بابادی عکاشه</Family>
				<NameE>Zahra</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Babadi Akashe</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>zakashe@pnu.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Data Mining</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Depression</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Artificial Intelligence</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Genetic Algorithm</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Decision Tree</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>داده کاوی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>افسردگی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>هوش مصنوعی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>الگوریتم ژنتیک</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>درخت تصمیم</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. Kumar P, Garg S, Garg A. Assessment of anxiety, depression and stress using machine learning models. Procedia Computer Science 2020;171:1989-98.##[2]. Phillips MR. World Mental Health Day 2020: Promoting Global Mental Health During COVID-19. 2020. Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2020;2(3): 844-7.##[3]. World Health Organization (WHO). Mental health atlas 2020: review of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. 2022. [cited 2026 Jun 17]. Available from: https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/6bab42bc-df0f-4f68-a86d-28ebedb85e42/content##[4]. World Health Organization (WHO). Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. 2017. [cited 2026 Jun 17]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/depression-global-health-estimates##[5]. Wenzel A. The Routledge International Handbook of Perinatal Mental Health Disorders: Taylor &#38; Francis; 2024.##[6]. Xiang J. The causes of depression and its social factor. Proceedings of the 2022 5th International Conference on Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICHESS 2022); 2022 Oct 14-16: Atlantis Press; 2022. doi:10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_352##[7]. Remes O, Mendes JF, Templeton P. Biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression: a review of recent literature. Brain Sci 2021;11(12):1633.  doi: 10.3390/brainsci11121633##[8]. Kendall K, Van Assche E, Andlauer T, Choi K, Luykx J, Schulte E, et al. The genetic basis of major depression. Psychol Med 2021;51(13):2217-30. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000441##[9]. Tyshchenko Y. Depression and anxiety detection from blog posts data [dissertation]. Estonia: Institute of Computer Science of University of Tartu; 2018.##[10]. Bakhtiari M, Ismailpour M, Ebrahimi M. Diagnosis of Depression Using Artificial Intelligence. Contemporary Psychology 2017;12:312-09.##[11]. Babbie ER. The practice of Social Research. 15th ed. Cengage Au; 2020.##[12]. Mukherjee S, Ashish K, Hui NB, Chattopadhyay S. Modeling depression data: feed forward neural network vs. radial basis function neural network. Am J Biomed Sci 2014;6(3):166-74. doi: 10.5099/aj140300166##[13]. Deo RC. Machine learning in medicine. Circulation 2015;132(20):1920-30. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.001593##[14]. Vanlalawmpuia R, Lalhmingliana M. Prediction of depression in social network sites using data mining. 2020 4th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS): EEE; 2020. doi:10.1109/ICICCS48265.2020.9120899##[15]. Vu T, Yamamoto M, Tay JT, Watanabe N, Kuriya Y, Oya A, et al. Prediction of depressive disorder using machine learning approaches: findings from the NHANES. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2025;25(1):83.  doi: 10.1186/s12911-025-02903-1##[16]. Dreiseitl S, Osl M, Baumgartner C, Vinterbo S. An evaluation of heuristics for rule ranking. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 2010;50(3):175-80.##[17]. Powers DM. Evaluation: from precision, recall and F-measure to ROC, informedness, markedness and correlation. arXiv preprint arXiv:201016061. 2020. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2010.16061##[18]. Hall M, Frank E, Holmes G, Pfahringer B, Reutemann P, Witten IH. The WEKA data mining software: an update. ACM SIGKDD Explorations Newsletter 2009;11(1):10-8.##[19]. Na KS, Cho SE, Geem ZW, Kim YK. Predicting future onset of depression among community dwelling adults in the Republic of Korea using a machine learning algorithm. Neurosci Lett 2020:721:134804. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134804##[20]. Sau A, Bhakta I. Predicting anxiety and depression in elderly patients using machine learning technology. Healthcare Technology Letters 2017;4(6):238-43. doi:10.1049/htl.2016.0096##[21]. Zarandi MF, Soltanzadeh S, Mohammadi A, Castillo O. Designing a general type-2 fuzzy expert system for diagnosis of depression. Applied Soft Computing 2019;80:329-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2019.03.027##[22]. Sau A, Bhakta I. Screening of anxiety and depression among seafarers using machine learning technology. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2019;16:100228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imu.2019.100228## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>یک چارچوب هوشمند مبتنی بر انفورماتیک سلامت برای تشخیص بیماری‌های کبدی با استفاده از افزایش داده مبتنی بر شبکه مولد تخاصمی و یادگیری تجمعی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>An Intelligent Framework Based on Health Informatics for Diagnosing Liver Diseases Using Generative Adversarial Network-Based Data Augmentation and Ensemble Learning</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: سلامت، یکی از بنیادی&#8204;ترین ابعاد زندگی انسان است و بیماری&#8204;های مزمن تهدیدی جدی در این حوزه محسوب می&#8204;شوند که عوارض گسترده&#8204;ای به&#8204;دنبال دارند. با پیشرفت&#8204;های سریع هوش مصنوعی، سامانه&#8204;های تشخیص پزشکی هوشمند در زمینه تشخیص زودهنگام، کاهش هزینه&#8204;ها و کمک به تصمیم&#8204;گیری دقیق&#8204;تر پزشکان توسعه چشم&#8204;گیری یافته&#8204;اند. با وجود کاربرد روش&#8204;های گوناگون داده&#8204;کاوی، پیچیدگی و ابعاد بالای داده&#8204;های پزشکی همچنان چالش&#8204;برانگیز است. در این میان، روش&#8204;های یادگیری عمیق و مدل&#8204;های مولد ابزارهایی توانمند برای تحلیل این داده&#8204;ها هستند.
روش&#8204;کار: در این پژوهش، روشی نوین برای بهبود تشخیص بیماری&#8204;های کبدی پیشنهاد شده است که بر پایه پیش&#8204;پردازش و افزایش داده&#8204;ها با استفاده از شبکه&#8204;های مولد تخاصمی (GAN) و یادگیری تجمعی از نوع استکینگ (Stacking) قرار دارد. برای ارزیابی، از مجموعه&#8204;داده استاندارد بیماران کبدی هند (ILPD) استفاده شد. در مرحله نخست، مدل تجمعی با اعتبارسنجی متقابل ۱۰-مرحله&#8204;ای دقت ۷۷ درصد را به&#8204;دست آورد. سپس، با استفاده از تکنیک افزایش داده مبتنی بر GAN، مجدداً مدل آموزش داده شد که این بار دقت چشمگیر ۹۹ درصد حاصل گردید.
یافته&#8204;ها: نتایج نشان می&#8204;دهد که به&#8204;کارگیری مناسب روش&#8204;های پیش&#8204;پردازش و افزایش داده، تأثیر بسزایی در بهبود عملکرد مدل و ارتقای دقت تشخیص زودهنگام بیماری کبد دارد.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: چارچوب هوشمند پیشنهادی با غلبه بر چالش&#8204; پیچیدگی و عدم توازن داده&#8204;های پزشکی، مدلی بسیار دقیق و قابل&#8204;اتکا ارائه می&#8204;دهد. این رویکرد می&#8204;تواند به&#8204;عنوان یک سیستم پشتیبان تصمیم&#8204;گیری بالینی کارآمد در حوزه انفورماتیک سلامت، به متخصصان در تشخیص زودهنگام و مدیریت بهتر بیماری&#8204;های کبدی کمک شایانی نماید.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: Health is one of the fundamental aspects of human life, and chronic diseases pose a serious threat in this realm, entailing far-reaching consequences. With rapid advancements in artificial intelligence, intelligent medical diagnostic systems have seen significant development, facilitating early diagnosis, cost reduction, and more accurate clinical decision-making. Despite the application of various data mining techniques, the complexity and high dimensionality of medical data remain challenging. In this context, deep learning methods and generative models serve as powerful tools for analyzing such data.
Methods: This study proposes a novel method for improving the diagnosis of liver diseases, based on data preprocessing and augmentation using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) alongside a stacking ensemble learning approach. The Indian Liver Patient Dataset (ILPD) was used for evaluation. In the initial phase, the ensemble model achieved an accuracy of 77% using 10-fold cross-validation. Subsequently, the model was retrained using a GAN-based data augmentation technique, yielding an impressive accuracy of 99%.
Results: The results indicate that the appropriate application of preprocessing and data augmentation methods has a significant impact on improving model performance and enhancing the accuracy of early liver disease detection.
Conclusion: The proposed intelligent framework successfully overcomes the challenges of complexity and data imbalance in medical datasets, delivering a highly accurate and reliable model. This approach can serve as an efficient clinical decision-support system within the field of health informatics, offering significant assistance to healthcare professionals in the early diagnosis and improved management of liver diseases.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>12</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>23</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/3
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1404/5/12
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/30
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/1/10
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>نازیلا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>ولیزاده</Family>
				<NameE>Nazila</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Valizadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده علوم و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>nazila.valizadeh76@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>امیدرضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>بلوکی اسپیلی</Family>
				<NameE>Omid Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Bolouki Speily</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دکتری مهندسی فناوری اطلاعات، استادیار، گروه مهندسی فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده علوم و فناوری های نوین، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>speily@uut.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>پرویز</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>قربان زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Parviz</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ghorbanzadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دکتری هوش مصنوعی، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>p.ghorbanzadeh@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Early Liver Disease Diagnosis</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Deep learning</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Adversarial Generating Network</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Machine Learning</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>شبکه مولد متخاصم</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>بیماری کبد</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>یادگیری ماشین</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>یادگیری عمیق</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>هوش مصنوعی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تشخیص بیماری</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. Md AQ, Kulkarni S, Joshua CJ, Vaichole T, Mohan S, Iwendi C. Enhanced preprocessing approach using ensemble machine learning algorithms for detecting liver disease. Biomedicines 2023;11(2):581.  https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020581##[2]. Anuradha C, Swapna D, Thati B, Sree VN, Praveen SP. Diagnosing for liver disease prediction in patients using combined machine learning models. In2022 4th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT); 2022 Jan 20; IEEE; 2022. p. 889-96.##[3]. Dhiraj D, Patle G, Meshram E. Designing Disease Prediction Model Using Machine Learning Approach. International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication ; 2022 Jan 20-22; Tirunelveli, India: IEEE; 2019. doi: 10.1109/ICSSIT53264.2022.9716312##[4]. AlAmir M, AlGhamdi M. The role of generative adversarial network in medical image analysis: An in-depth survey. ACM Computing Surveys 2022;55(5):1-36. ##[5]. Shorten C, Khoshgoftaar TM. A survey on image data augmentation for deep learning. Journal of big data. 2019;6(1):1-48.##[6]. Chlap P, Min H, Vandenberg N, Dowling J, Holloway L, Haworth A. A review of medical image data augmentation techniques for deep learning applications. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology 2021;65(5):545-63. https://doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.13261##[7]. Abdollahi J, Nouri-Moghaddam B, Ghazanfari M. Deep Neural Network Based Ensemble learning Algorithms for the healthcare system (diagnosis of chronic diseases). arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.08182.##[8]. Ghorbani R, Ghousi R. Predictive data mining approaches in medical diagnosis: A review of some diseases prediction. International Journal of Data and Network Science 2019;3(2):47-70.##[9]. Alauthman M, Aldweesh A, Al-qerem A, Aburub F, Al-Smadi Y, Abaker AM, et al. Tabular data generation to improve classification of liver disease diagnosis. Appl Sci 2023;13(4):2678. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042678##[10]. Mutlu EN, Devim A, Hameed AA, Jamil A. Deep learning for liver disease prediction. Inmediterranean conference on pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2021. p. 95-107.##[11]. Nazari Nezhad S, Zahedi MH, Farahani E. Detecting diseases in medical prescriptions using data mining methods. BioData Mining 2022;15(1):29.##[12]. Mahajan P, Uddin S, Hajati F, Moni MA. Ensemble learning for disease prediction: a review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023;11(12):1808. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11121808##[13]. Choudhary R, Gopalakrishnan T, Ruby D, Gayathri A, Murthy VS, Shekhar R. An efficient model for predicting liver disease using machine learning. Data analytics in bioinformatics: A Machine Learning Perspective 2021:443-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119785620.ch18 ## [14]. Bhusnurmath RA, Betageri S. Deep Ensemble Stacked Technique for the Classification of Liver Disease Using Artificial Neural Networks at the Base Level and Random Forest at the Meta Level. International Journal of Computer Applications 2023;975:8887.##[15]. Rahman AS, Shamrat FJ, Tasnim Z, Roy J, Hossain SA. A comparative study on liver disease prediction using supervised machine learning algorithms. International Journal of Scientific &#38; Technology Research 2019;8(11):419-22.##[16]. Assegie TA, Subhashni R, Kumar NK, Manivannan JP, Duraisamy P, Engidaye MF. Random forest and support vector machine based hybrid liver disease detection. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 2022;11(3):1650-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i3.3787##[17]. Yousefpour H, Ghasemi J. Ensemble-based detection and Classification of liver diseases Caused by hepatitis C. Contributions of Science and Technology for Engineering 2024;1(1):32-42. doi: 10.22080/cste.2024.5012##[18]. Frid-Adar M, Klang E, Amitai M, Goldberger J, Greenspan H. Synthetic data augmentation using GAN for improved liver lesion classification. 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging; 2018 Apr 4; IEEE; 2018. p. 289-93##[19]. Althnian A, AlSaeed D, Al-Baity H, Samha A, Dris AB, Alzakari N, et al. Impact of dataset size on classification performance: an empirical evaluation in the medical domain. Applied Sciences 2021;11(2):796.##[20]. Tahmasbi H, Besharati R, Alishahi M. A Model For Diagnosing Liver Diseases Using “Machine Learning” Techniques. Studies in Medical Sciences 2022;33(11):814-22. [In Persian] ‎ doi:10.52547/umj.33.11.814##[21]. Javadzadeh S, Shayanfar H, Soleimanian QF. A hybrid model based on ant lion optimization algorithm and K-Nearest neighbors Algorithm to Diagnose Liver Disease. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2021; 28(5): 76-89. [In Persian]## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>تحول دیجیتال در باشگاه‌های ورزشی ایران برای جذب سالمندان: مرور روایتی و ارائه مدل مفهومی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Digital Transformation in Iranian Sports Clubs to Attract Older Adults: A Narrative Review and Conceptual Model Proposal</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: &#160;امروزه تحول دیجیتال در باشگاه&#8204;های ورزشی سالمندی، به&#8204;عنوان رویکردی نوین برای ارتقای فعالیت بدنی و سلامت جسمانی سالمندان، در سطح جهانی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. با این حال، در ایران هنوز چارچوب مفهومی جامعی برای بهره&#8204;گیری بهینه از فناوری&#8204;های دیجیتال در این باشگاه&#8204;ها طراحی و بومی&#8204;سازی نشده است. هدف این مطالعه، مروری روایتی بر ورزش&#8204;های الکترونیک و فناوری&#8204;های پوشیدنی، با تأکید بر چالش&#8204;های بومی، و ارائه مدلی مفهومی برای تحول دیجیتال در باشگاه&#8204;های ورزشی ایران به&#8204;منظور جذب سالمندان بود.
روش کار: این مطالعه به&#8204;صورت مرور روایتی ساختاریافته با رویکرد میان&#8204;رشته&#8204;ای طراحی شد. جستجوی نظام&#8204;مند منابع فارسی و انگلیسی منتشرشده بین سال&#8204;های ۲۰۱۰ تا ۲۰۲۵ در پایگاه&#8204;های معتبر ملی و بین&#8204;المللی انجام گرفت. کلیدواژه&#8204;ها با تمرکز بر تحول دیجیتال، ورزش سالمندی، فناوری&#8204;های پوشیدنی و باشگاه&#8204;های ورزشی انتخاب شدند. پس از غربالگری و ارزیابی نهایی، ۵۸ منبع برای تحلیل کیفی و تلفیق مفاهیم انتخاب گردید.
یافته&#8204;ها: یافته&#8204;ها نشان داد بخش عمده مطالعات بررسی&#8204;شده، ورزش الکترونیک و فناوری&#8204;های پوشیدنی را با بهبود انگیزش حرکتی، افزایش پایبندی به فعالیت بدنی، ارتقای پایش شاخص&#8204;های سلامت و شخصی&#8204;سازی تمرینات سالمندان مرتبط دانسته&#8204;اند. همچنین، تحلیل مطالعات منتخب نشان داد مهم&#8204;ترین موانع تحول دیجیتال در باشگاه&#8204;های سالمندی ایران شامل ضعف زیرساخت&#8204;های فناورانه، هزینه&#8204;های بالای تجهیزات دیجیتال، محدودیت سواد دیجیتال سالمندان و نبود سیاست&#8204;گذاری منسجم ملی است. بر این اساس، مدل مفهومی پیشنهادی پژوهش چهار بُعد کلیدی شامل زیرساخت، فناوری، منابع انسانی و سیاست&#8204;گذاری را به&#8204;عنوان ارکان اصلی تحول دیجیتال باشگاه&#8204;های سالمندی ایران تبیین کرد.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: نتایج این مرور نشان می&#8204;دهد موفقیت تحول دیجیتال در باشگاه&#8204;های ورزشی سالمندی ایران، صرفاً وابسته به توسعه فناوری نیست، بلکه نیازمند تقویت زیرساخت&#8204;های بومی، ارتقای سواد دیجیتال سالمندان، آموزش نیروی انسانی متخصص و تدوین سیاست&#8204;های یکپارچه ملی است. مدل مفهومی ارائه&#8204;شده می&#8204;تواند به&#8204;عنوان چارچوبی کاربردی برای برنامه&#8204;ریزی و توسعه باشگاه&#8204;های ورزشی سالمندی مبتنی بر فناوری در ایران مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: Today, digital transformation in senior sports clubs&#8212;an innovative approach to enhancing physical activity and the physical health of older adults&#8212;has attracted global attention. However, in Iran a comprehensive conceptual framework for the optimal utilization and localization of digital technologies in these clubs has not yet been designed. The aim of this study was to provide a narrative review of exergames and wearable technologies, with an emphasis on local challenges, and to present a conceptual model for digital transformation in Iranian sports clubs to attract older adults.
Method: This study was designed as a structured narrative review employing an interdisciplinary approach. A systematic search of Persian and English sources published between 2010 and 2025 was conducted across reputable national and international databases. Keywords were selected with a focus on digital transformation, sports for older adults, wearable technologies, and sports clubs. Following screening and final assessment, 58 sources were selected for qualitative analysis and the synthesis of concepts.
Results: Findings indicated that the majority of reviewed studies associated exergames and wearable technologies with improved motor motivation, increased adherence to physical activity, enhanced monitoring of health indicators, and personalization of older adults&#8217; exercise programs. Analysis of selected studies also identified the main barriers to digital transformation in Iran&#8217;s senior sports clubs as weak technological infrastructure, high costs of digital equipment, limited digital literacy among older adults, and lack of coherent national policy. Accordingly, the study&#8217;s proposed conceptual model delineated four key dimensions &#8212; infrastructure, technology, human resources, and policymaking &#8212; as the principal pillars of digital transformation for Iranian senior sports clubs.
Conclusion: The results of this review indicate that the success of digital transformation in Iranian senior sports clubs is not solely dependent on technology development; rather, it requires strengthening local infrastructure, enhancing older adults&#8217; digital literacy, training specialized human resources, and formulating integrated national policies. The proposed conceptual model can serve as a practical framework for planning and developing technology-based senior sports clubs in Iran.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>24</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>40</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/32025/10/1
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1404/7/9
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/302026/05/14
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/2/24
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>بلال</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>هوشمند مقدم</Family>
				<NameE>Balal</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hooshmand Moghadam</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>کارشناسی ارشد ،گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>balalhooshmand@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>کشتی دار</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Keshtidar</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استاد ، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>keshtidarr@um.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>جواد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>غلامیان</Family>
				<NameE>Javad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Gholamian</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>j.gholamian@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>مهدی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>طالب پور</Family>
				<NameE>Mahdi</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Talebpour</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استاد ، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>mtalebpourr@um.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Digital transformation</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Physical activity in older adults</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>E-sports</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Wearable technologies</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Sports clubs</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Digital health</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Iran</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تحول دیجیتال</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>فعالیت بدنی سالمندان</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ورزش الکترونیک؛ فناوری‌های پوشیدنی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>باشگاه‌های ورزشی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>سلامت دیجیتال</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>ایران</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. GBD 2023 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950–2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. Lancet 2025;406(10513):1731-810.  doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01330-3 ##[2]. World Health Organization. Global report on ageism; 2021. [2025 Oct 1]. https://www.who.int/teams/social-determinants-of-health/demographic-change-and-healthy-ageing/combatting-ageism/global-report-on-ageism##[3]. World Health Organization (WHO). Ageing and health; 2025 [2025 Oct 1]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health##[4]. Paterson DH, Warburton DE. Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: a systematic review related to Canada&#039;s Physical Activity Guidelines. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010;7:38.  ##doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-7-38##[5]. Sun F, Norman IJ, While AE. Physical activity in older people: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2013;13:449.  doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-449##[6]. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Johne M, Golestani F, Lorenz K, Asadi M, Maculewicz E, et al. Effects of soy milk ingestion immediately after resistance training on muscular-related biomarkers in older men: a randomized controlled trial. Biol Sport 2023;40(4):1207-17. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.123894. ##[7]. American College of Sports Medicine; Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009;41(7):1510-30. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c. ##[8]. Doherty C, Baldwin M, Lambe R, Altini M, Caulfield B. Privacy in consumer wearable technologies: a living systematic analysis of data policies across leading manufacturers. NPJ Digit Med 2025;8(1):363. doi:10.1038/s41746‑025‑01757‑1##[9]. Capulli E, Druda Y, Palmese F, Butt AH, Domenicali M, Macchiarelli AG, et al. Ethical and legal implications of health monitoring wearable devices: a scoping review. Soc Sci Med 2025:117685. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117685##[10]. Mahdaviani B, Soleimani Z, Selk-Ghaffari M, Pourgharib Shahi MH, Masoumi S, Kordi R. Barriers to physical activity in the Iranian population: findings from the STEPwise surveillance 2021. BMC Public Health 2024; 24(1):2610. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20134-3. ##[11]. Rasoulzadeh JN, Khodadadi MR. Phenomenology of the Elderly&#039;s Experience of Barriers and Facilitators of Participation in Leisure Sports Activities. Journal of Healthy Aging and Exercise 2026;41(4): 19-45. ##[12]. Naghibi SA, Rostami F, Moosazadeh M, Kazemi SS. Physical activity in older adults: A cross sectional study. Payesh 2021; 20 (2) :179-90. ‎ doi:10.52547/payesh.20.2.179##[13]. Ghasemi N, Benar N, Shafiei S. Systematic review of articles related to digital transformation in sports using content analysis method. Journal of Sport Management Knowledge 2025;3(1):172-86. ##[14]. Stojan R, Voelcker-Rehage C. A Systematic Review on the Cognitive Benefits and Neurophysiological Correlates of Exergaming in Healthy Older Adults. J Clin Med 2019;8(5):734. doi: 10.3390/jcm8050734. ##[15]. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Gaeini A A. Rosa damascena in exercise-induced neuroinflammation and recovery: A narrative review bridging traditional medicine and translational sports science. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 2026;29(5):641-56. doi: 10.22038/ijbms.2026.89043.19219##[16]. Anderson E, Durstine JL. Physical activity, exercise, and chronic diseases: a brief review. Sports Med Health Sci 2019;1(1):3-10. doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2019.08.006##[17]. Hemmeter UM, Ngamsri T. Körperliche Aktivität und psychische Gesundheit: Fokus Alter [Physical Activity and Mental Health in the Elderly]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2022;110(4):193-8. [In German]. doi: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003853. ##[18]. Zolfaghari N, Nazari R, Poursoltani Zarandi H. Desirable governance: building a model to deal with the apartheid management style in professional sports. Sport Management Journal 2024;1(1).##[19]. Izquierdo M, Merchant RA, Morley JE, Anker SD, Aprahamian I, Arai H, et al. International exercise recommendations in older adults (ICFSR): expert consensus guidelines. J Nutr Health Aging 2021;25(7):824-53. doi:10.1007/s12603‑021‑1665‑8##[20]. Birati Y, Tzemah-Shahar R. Barriers to Digital Health Adoption in Older Adults: Scoping Review Informed by Innovation Resistance Theory. J Med Internet Res 2026;28:e75591. doi: 10.2196/75591. ##[21]. Kane GC, Palmer D, Phillips AN, Kiron D, Buckley N. Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review 2015;14(1):1-25.##[22]. Hämäläinen O, Tirkkonen A, Savikangas T, Alén M, Sipilä S, Hautala A. Low physical activity is a risk factor for sarcopenia: a cross-sectional analysis of two exercise trials on community-dwelling older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024;24:212. doi:10.1186/s12877-024-04764-1. ##[23]. Pourabbas M, Bagheri R, Hooshmand Moghadam B, Willoughby DS, Candow DG, Elliott BT, et al. Strategic Ingestion of High-Protein Dairy Milk during a Resistance Training Program Increases Lean Mass, Strength, and Power in Trained Young Males. Nutrients 2021;13(3):948. doi: 10.3390/nu13030948. ##[24]. Mastalerz A, Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Moazamigoudarzi S, Golestani F, Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Johne M, et al. Changes in muscle quality and biomarkers of neuromuscular junctions and muscle protein turnover following 12 weeks of resistance training in older men. Biol Sport 2024;41(4):285-92. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.141064. ##[25]. Boudreau KJ, Lakhani KR. Using the crowd as an innovation partner. Harvard Business Review 2013;91(4):60-9.##[26]. Thomas NE, Williams DR. Inflammation and physical activity: evidence for an anti-inflammatory effect of exercise. Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports 2008;2(4):281-7.##[27]. Wulf G, Lewthwaite R. Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychon Bull Rev 2016;23(5):1382-414. doi: 10.3758/s13423-015-0999-9 ##[28]. Chen YR, Schulz PJ. The effect of information communication technology interventions on reducing social isolation in the elderly: a systematic review. J Med Internet Res 2016;18(1):e18. doi: 10.2196/jmir.4596##[29]. Brynjolfsson E, McAfee A. The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies. WW Norton &#38; Company; 2014.##[30]. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Eskandari M, Golestani F, Rezae S, Mahmoudi N, Gaeini AA. The effect of 12-week resistance exercise training on serum levels of cellular aging process parameters in elderly men. Exp Gerontol 2020;141:111090. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111090. ##[31]. Asgari Mehrabadi M, Azimi I, Sarhaddi F, Axelin A, Niela-Vilén H, Myllyntausta S, et al. Sleep tracking of a commercially available smart ring and smartwatch against medical-grade actigraphy in everyday settings: instrument validation study. JMIR Mhealth UHealth 2020;8(10):e20465. doi: 10.2196/20465##[32]. Hosseini M, Jalali M. Investigating the challenges of implementing smart systems in Iranian sports clubs. Quarterly Journal of Sport Management Studies 2021;12(3):87–101.##[33]. Fitzgerald M, Kruschwitz N, Bonnet D, Welch M. Embracing digital technology: A new strategic imperative. MIT Sloan Management Review 2014;55(2):1.##[34]. Ross JW, Sebastian IM, Beath CM. How to develop a great digital strategy. MIT Sloan Management Review 2017;58(2):7.##[35]. Hooshmand-Moghadam B, Eskandari M, Golestani F, Rezae S, Mahmoudi N, Gaeini AA. The effect of 12-week resistance exercise training on serum levels of cellular aging process parameters in elderly men. Exp Gerontol 2020;141:111090. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111090. ##[36]. Oh Y, Yang S. Defining exergames &#38; exergaming. In: Proceedings of Meaningful Play 2010; East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University; 2010.## ##[37]. Franco JR, Jacobs K, Inzerillo C, Kluzik J. The effect of the Nintendo Wii Fit and exercise in improving balance and quality of life in community dwelling elders. Technol Health Care 2012;20(2):95-115. doi: 10.3233/THC-2011-0661.##[38]. Vazquez FL, Otero P, Garcia-Casal JA, Blanco V, Torres AJ, Arrojo M. Efficacy of video game-based interventions for active aging. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018;13:e0208192. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208192. ##[39]. Blažič BJ, Blažič AJ. Overcoming the digital divide with a modern approach to learning digital skills for the elderly adults. Education and Information Technologies 2020;25:259-79. doi: 10.1007/s10639-019-09961-9.##[40]. Liao YY, Yang YR, Wu YR, Wang RY. Virtual reality-based Wii fit training in improving muscle strength, sensory integration ability, and walking abilities in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a randomized control trial. International Journal of Gerontology 2015;9:190-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijge.2014.06.007.##[41]. Chatzaki C, Skaramagkas V, Tachos N, Christodoulakis G, Maniadi E, Kefalopoulou Z, et al. The Smart-Insole Dataset: gait analysis using wearable sensors with a focus on elderly and Parkinson&#039;s patients. Sensors (Basel) 2021;21(8):2821. doi:10.3390/s2108282.##[42]. Paolillo EW, Lee SY, VandeBunte A, Djukic N, Fonseca C, Kramer JH, et al. Wearable use in an observational study among older adults: adherence, feasibility, and effects of clinicodemographic factors. Frontiers in Digital Health 2022;4:884208. doi:10.3389/fdgth.2022.884208##[43]. Mercer K, Giangregorio L, Schneider E, Chilana P, Li M, Grindrod K. Acceptance of Commercially Available Wearable Activity Trackers Among Adults Aged Over 50 and With Chronic Illness: A Mixed Methods Evaluation. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016;4(1):e7.##[44]. Li M, McPhillips MV, Szanton SL, Wenzel J, Li J. Electronic wearable device use for physical activity in older adults: a qualitative study. Work Aging Retire 2022;10(1):25–37.doi: 1093/workar/waac023##[45]. Koerber D, Khan S, Shamsheri T, Kirubarajan A, Mehta S. Accuracy of heart rate measurement with wrist-worn wearable devices in various skin tones: a systematic review. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023;10(6):2676-84. doi:10.1007/s40615‑022‑01446‑9##[46]. Ghahfarokhi MM, Ghasemi A. The status of exergaming in Iran: Opportunities and challenges. J Sports Sci. 2021;39(20):2364-71.##[47]. Shams Ghahfarokhi M. Rising living alone among the elderly in Iran: prevalence and associated factors. BMC Geriatr 2022;22:622. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03309-8. ##[48]. Pan CC, De Santis KK, Muellmann S, Hoffmann S, Spallek J, Barnils NP, et al. Sociodemographics and digital health literacy in using wearables for health promotion and disease prevention: cross‑sectional nationwide survey in Germany. J Prev 2025;46(3):371‑91. doi:10.1007/s10935‑024‑00821‑y.##[49]. Farivar S, Abouzahra M, Ghasemaghaei M. Wearable device adoption among older adults: a mixed-methods study. Int J Inf Manage 2020;55:102209. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102209##[50]. Bagheri R, Moghadam BH, Church DD, Tinsley GM, Eskandari M, Moghadam BH, et al. The effects of concurrent training order on body composition and serum concentrations of follistatin, myostatin and GDF11 in sarcopenic elderly men. Exp Gerontol 2020;133:110869. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110869. ##[51]. Mercer K, Li M, Giangregorio L, Burns C, Grindrod K. Behavior change techniques present in wearable activity trackers: A critical analysis. JMIR mHealth uHealth 2016;4(2):e40. doi: 10.2196/mhealth.4461##[52]. Cadmus-Bertram L, Marcus BH, Patterson RE, Parker BA, Morey BL. Randomized trial of a Fitbit-based physical activity intervention for women. Am J Prev Med 2015;49(3):414-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.01.020##[53]. Shcherbina A, Mattsson CM, Waggott D, Salisbury H, Christle JW, Hastie T, et al. Accuracy in wrist-worn, sensor-based measurements of heart rate and energy expenditure in a diverse cohort. J Pers Med 2017;7(2):3. doi: 10.3390/jpm7020003##[54]. Pérez-Rugosa V, Domínguez-Valdés E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez A, Fontana-Olot P, Bianchi V, Lladó-Jordan G, et al. Digital care for older people: digital literacy, technophobia and technophilia. Sage Open Aging. 2025;11:30495334251395873. doi: 10.1177/30495334251395873##[55]. Kavanagh JJ, Menz HB. Accelerometry: a technique for quantifying movement patterns during walking. Gait Posture 2008;28(1):1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2007.10.010##[56]. Najafi B, Aminian K, Loew F, Blanc Y, Robert P. Measurement of stand-sit and sit-stand transitions using a miniature gyroscope and its application in fall risk evaluation in the elderly. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2002;49(8):843-51.##[57]. Javdan M, Ghasemaghaei M, Abouzahra M. Psychological barriers of using wearable devices by seniors: a mixed-methods study. Computers in Human Behavior 2023;141:107615. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107615##[58]. Lyons EJ, Lewis ZH, Mayrsohn BG, Rowland JL. Behavior change techniques implemented in electronic lifestyle activity monitors: A systematic content analysis. J Med Internet Res 2014;16(8):e192.##[59]. Wang JB, Cadmus-Bertram LA, Natarajan L, White MM, Madanat H, Nichols JF, et al. Wearable sensor/device (Fitbit One) and SMS text-messaging prompts to increase physical activity in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial. Telemed J E Health 2015;21(10):782-92.##[60]. Hooshmand Moghadam B. Exercise Interventions and Sexual Function in Men with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multidimensional Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Practical Applications. Iran J Diabetes Metab 2026; 26 (1) :15-28## [61]. Emmesjö L, Hallgren J, Gillsjö C. Older adults’ digital technology experiences: a qualitative study. BMC Digital Health. 2025;3(1):24. doi:10.1186/s44247‑025‑00163‑7.##[62]. Kim Y, Park KH, Noh HM. Effects of Integrating Wearable Activity Trackers with a Home-Based Multicomponent Exercise Intervention on Fall-Related Parameters and Physical Function in Older Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2025;13:e64458. doi: 10.2196/64458. ##[63]. Contreras-Osorio F, Ramirez-Campillo R, Cerda-Vega E, Campos-Jara R, Martínez-Salazar C, Araneda R, et al. Effects of Sport-Based Exercise Interventions on Executive Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022;19(19):12573. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912573. ##[64]. Gordt K, Gerhardy T, Najafi B, Schwenk M. Effects of Wearable Sensor-Based Balance and Gait Training on Balance, Gait, and Functional Performance in Healthy and Patient Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Gerontology 2018;64(1):74-89. doi: 10.1159/000481454. ##[65]. Viqueira Villarejo M, García Zapirain B, Méndez Zorrilla A. Shoe-integrated sensors in physical rehabilitation. Biomed Mater Eng 2014;24(6):3523-8. doi: 10.3233/BME-141178. ##[66]. Choi W, Kim SH, Lee W, Kang SH, Yoon CH, Youn TJ, Chae IH. Comparison of Continuous ECG Monitoring by Wearable Patch Device and Conventional Telemonitoring Device. J Korean Med Sci 2020;35(44):e363. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e363. ##[67]. Pronk NP, Anderson LH, Crain AL, Martinson BC, O&#039;Connor PJ, Sherwood NE, et al. Meeting recommendations for multiple healthy lifestyle factors. Prevalence, clustering, and predictors among adolescent, adult, and senior health plan members. Am J Prev Med 2004;27(2 Suppl):25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.022.##[68]. Bherer L, Erickson KI, Liu-Ambrose T. A review of the effects of physical activity and exercise on cognitive and brain functions in older adults. J Aging Res 2013;2013:657508. doi: 10.1155/2013/657508##[69]. Hooshmand Moghadam B, Gaeini A A, Eskandari M, Parseh S, Mahmoudi N. The effect of resistance training intervention on serum levels of anti-aging and rejuvenating proteins in older men. Journal of Gerontology 2020; 5(3):54-64. [In Persian]##[70]. Rahmani H, Asadi-Piri Z. Challenges and implementation prerequisites for the implementation of electronic health records in Iran. Tehran Univ Med J 2023; 81(7) :556-8. [In Persian]##[71]. Iijima K, Arai H, Akishita M, Endo T, Ogasawara K, Kashihara N, et al. Toward the development of a vibrant, super-aged society: The future of medicine and society in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021;21(8):601-13. doi: 10.1111/ggi.14201. ##[72]. Zhu L, Jiang S, Zhao C, Feng Y, Kang J. Multiple correspondence analysis on intensity of elderly sports participation in China. Sci Rep 2025;15(1):26472. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-11562-1##[73]. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc1998;30(6):992-1008.  ##[74]. Bagheri R, Hooshmand Moghadam B, Ashtary-Larky D, Forbes SC, Candow DG, Galpin AJ, et al. Egg White Ingestion During 12 weeks of Resistance Training in Trained Young Males: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res 2021;35(2):411-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003922. ##[75]. Schmidt LI, Jansen CP, Depenbusch J, Gabrian M, Sieverding M, Wahl HW. Using wearables to promote physical activity in old age: Feasibility, benefits, and user friendliness. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2022;55(5):388-93. doi: 10.1007/s00391-022-02083-x. ##[76]. Wang Z, Wei G. Effects of Sports Public Goods on the Health of the Elderly: Empirical Evidence from China. Soc Work Public Health 2022;37(4):370-80. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2021.2017379. ##[77]. Li Y, Li X. The Artificial Intelligence System for the Generation of Sports Education Guidance Model and Physical Fitness Evaluation Under Deep Learning. Front Public Health 2022;10:917053. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.917053. ##[78]. Nazaripanah NS, Nadrian H, Bahrevar V, Lotfalinezhad E, Hashemiparast M. Barriers to participation in Iran&#039;s Integrated Geriatric Care Program: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2025;20(2):e0315034. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315034. ## ##[79]. Manini TM, Pahor M. Physical activity and maintaining physical function in older adults. Br J Sports Med 2009;43(1):28-31. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.053736. ##[80]. Harmon KG, Drezner JA, Gammons M, Guskiewicz KM, Halstead M, Herring SA, et al. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med 2013;47(1):15-26. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091941. Erratum in: Br J Sports Med 2013;47(3):184. ##[81]. Dergaa I, Saad HB, El Omri A, Glenn JM, Clark CCT, Washif JA, et al. Using artificial intelligence for exercise prescription in personalised health promotion: A critical evaluation of OpenAI&#039;s GPT-4 model. Biol Sport. 2024;41(2):221-41. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.133661##[82]. Rugbeer N, Ramklass S, Mckune A, van Heerden J. The effect of group exercise frequency on health related quality of life in institutionalized elderly. Pan Afr Med J 2017;26:35. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2017.26.35.10518. ##[83]. Mondalizadeh Z. Startup opportunities in the sports industry based on developing a conceptual framework for the sports ecosystem in Iran. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Studies 2024;17(2):491-506. doi: http//doi.org/10.22059/ijms.2023.339962.675079##[84]. Pandey A, LaMonte M, Klein L, Ayers C, Psaty BM, Eaton CB, et al. Relationship Between Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, and Risk of Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69(9):1129-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.081. ##[85]. Mardany Z, Tarrahi MJ, Dastgerdi ZF. The Effectiveness of the Educational program on Social Cognitive Theory on the level of Physical Activity of the Elderly in Isfahan City. Iranian Journal of Ageing 2026;21(1): 62-77. [In Persian] doi:2025.3762.2sija/10.32598/org.doi.dx://http##[86]. Hooshmand MB, Gaeini Aa, Eskandari M, Parseh S, Hojjati MM. Twelve weeks of resistance training intervention on serum levels of some apoptosis markers in elderly men. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences 2021;8(4): 10-9. [In Persian]##[87]. Kallinen M, Markku A. Aging, physical activity and sports injuries. An overview of common sports injuries in the elderly. Sports Med1995;20(1):41-52. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199520010-00004##[88]. Dorner H. Sports as a preventive and rehabilitational measure for the elderly. Fortschr Med 1996;114(15):183-6. [In German]##[89]. Linhares DG, Pereira Sallustiano Mallen da Silva GC, Gama Linhares B, Lima Dos Santos L, Brandão Pinto de Castro J, Borba-Pinheiro CJ, et al. Combat sport in the body composition of the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024;117:105200. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105200##[90]. McAuley E, Blissmer B, Marquez DX, Jerome GJ, Kramer AF, Katula J. Social relations, physical activity, and well-being in older adults. Prev Med 2000;31(5):608-17. doi: 10.1006/pmed.2000.0740##[91]. Lampek K, Csóka L, Hegedüs R, Zrínyi M, Törőcsik M. Sports activities of 60 above Hungarian elderly-explaining and predicting impact of exercise on health. BMC Public Health 2021;21(Suppl 1):1863. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09974-x##[92]. Hepburn J, Williams L, McCann L. Barriers to and facilitators of digital health technology adoption among older adults with chronic diseases: updated systematic review. JMIR Aging 2025;8:e80000. doi: 10.2196/80000##[93]. Azimi Sanavi B, Talebpour M, Saatchian V, Oveysi Sani F, Mirakhori F. Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Exercise Training on Risk of Falling, Walking Capacity, and Quality of Life in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Research. J Appl Gerontol 2025:7334648251362512. doi: 10.1177/07334648251362512## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>موانع و تسهیل‌کننده‌های مدل‌های پیش‌بینی در پیشگیری از سندرم متابولیک ایران: یک تحلیل کیفی SWOT تماتیک</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Analysis of Barriers and Facilitators of Predictive Models for Metabolic Syndrome Prevention in Iran: A Qualitative Thematic SWOT</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقدمه: سندرم متابولیک به&#8204;عنوان یکی از شایع&#8204;ترین اختلالات متابولیک در ایران، بار مالی و درمانی سنگینی بر نظام سلامت و سازمان&#8204;های بیمه&#8204;گر تحمیل می&#8204;کند. مدل&#8204;های پیش&#8204;بینی&#8204;کننده مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی اگرچه می&#8204;توانند ابزارهای ارزشمندی برای پیشگیری زودهنگام محسوب شوند، موفقیت آن&#8204;ها در گرو قابلیت پیاده&#8204;سازی در بستر واقعی و عملیاتی نظام سلامت است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی دیدگاه خبرگان حوزه سلامت درباره عوامل تسهیل&#8204;گر و موانع پیشِ&#8204;روی پیاده&#8204;سازی این مدل&#8204;ها در پیشگیری از سندرم متابولیک در ایران انجام شده است.
روش کار: این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و روش تحلیلی‑توصیفی و با به&#8204;کارگیری تحلیل تماتیک شش&#8204;مرحله&#8204;ای براون و کلارک (۲۰۰۶) انجام شد. روش پژوهش به&#8204;صورت ترکیبی استقرایی‑استنتاجی (hybrid inductive-deductive) طراحی گردید. نمونه&#8204;گیری به&#8204;صورت هدفمند و تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت و در نهایت ۱۵ خبره شامل ۶ متخصص بالینی، ۵ مدیر و سیاست&#8204;گذار، و ۴ کارشناس فناوری اطلاعات سلامت در مطالعه مشارکت داشتند. داده&#8204;ها از طریق مصاحبه&#8204;های نیمه&#8204;ساختاریافته و عمیق جمع&#8204;آوری و با استفاده از کدگذاری دستی تحلیل شدند. همچنین، چارچوب تحلیل SWOT به&#8204;عنوان راهنمای استنتاجی برای سازمان&#8204;دهی و تحلیل تم&#8204;ها به کار گرفته شد.
یافته&#8204;ها: تحلیل منجر به شناسایی ۲۰ تم اصلی شد که در چهار دسته نقاط قوت (۸ تم)، نقاط ضعف (5 تم)، فرصت&#8204;ها (۳ تم) و تهدیدها (4 تم) سازمان&#8204;دهی گردیدند. نقاط قوت عمدتاً شامل انعطاف&#8204;پذیری مدیریتی، توانمندسازی کارکنان و یادگیری مبتنی بر عمل بودند. نقاط ضعف شامل وابستگی به آموزش&#8204;های سنتی و نبود بازخورد مستمر، فرصت&#8204;ها شامل پیشرفت&#8204;های فناورانه و حمایت سیاستی، و تهدیدها شامل فشارکاری بالاو بی&#8204;ثباتی سیاستی بودند. چهار راهبرد اجرایی&#160;(SO، WO، ST، WT) استخراج شد که راهبردهای ترکیبی SO و WT&#160;بیشترین تأکید را داشتند.
نتیجه&#8204;گیری: موفقیت مدل&#8204;های پیش&#8204;بینی&#8204;کننده، مستلزم تمرکز بر راهبردهای ترکیبی در سطح سازمان و سیاست&#8204;گذاری کلان است. همچنین یافته&#8204;های این مطالعه می&#8204;توانند به سیاست&#8204;گذاری مبتنی بر شواهد در سازمان بیمه سلامت ایران و نیز برنامه&#8204;های ملی پیشگیری کمک شایانی نمایند.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>Introduction: As one of the most common metabolic disorders in Iran, metabolic syndrome imposes a heavy financial and therapeutic burden on the healthcare system and insurance organizations. Although AI-based predictive models can serve as valuable tools for early prevention, their success depends on their implementability within the real-world operational environment of the healthcare system. This study aims to examine the perspectives of healthcare experts regarding the facilitators and barriers associated with implementing these models for the prevention of metabolic syndrome in Iran.
Method: This study employed a qualitative approach and a descriptive-analytical method, utilizing Braun and Clarke&#8217;s (2006) six-phase thematic analysis. The research design followed a hybrid inductive-deductive method. Purposive sampling was conducted until theoretical saturation was reached, ultimately involving 15 experts: six clinicians, five managers and policymakers, and four health information technology specialists. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using manual coding. Additionally, the SWOT analysis framework served as a deductive guide for organizing and analyzing the themes.
Results: The analysis led to the identification of 20 main themes, which were organized into four categories: strengths (8 themes), weaknesses (5 themes), opportunities (3 themes), and threats (4 themes). Strengths mainly included managerial flexibility, employee empowerment, and action-based learning. Weaknesses included dependence on traditional training and lack of continuous feedback, opportunities included technological advances and policy support, and threats included high workload and policy instability. Four implementation strategies (SO), WO, ST, WT) were extracted, with the combined SO and WT strategies being the most emphasized.
Conclusion: The success of predictive models requires a focus on integrated strategies at the organization level and macro-policy making. The findings of this study can also contribute to evidence-based policy making in the Iranian Health Insurance Organization as well as national prevention programs.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>41</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>52</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/32025/10/12026/03/25
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1405/1/5
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/302026/05/142026/05/24
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/3/3
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محسن</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>فربود</Family>
				<NameE>Mohsen</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Farboud</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>m.farboud24@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>سمیه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حسام</Family>
				<NameE>Somayeh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Hessam</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دکترای مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشیار گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>Shessam@iau.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>شقایق</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>وحدت</Family>
				<NameE>Shaghayegh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Vahdat</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دکترای مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشیار گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>sha_vahdat@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>شهرام</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>توفیقی</Family>
				<NameE>Shahram</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Tofighi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دکترای مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی، دانشیار گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>shr_tofighi@yahoo.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Statistical Models</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Qualitative Research</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Strategic Planning</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Health Services Accessibility</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Barriers to Care</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>مدل پیش‌بینی‌کننده</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تحلیل کیفی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>چارچوب SWOT</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تسهیل کننده‌ها‌</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>موانع</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1].  Sepandi M, Taghdir M, Alimohamadi Y. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iran: An Umbrella Review Across Diagnostic Criteria and Population Subgroups. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2026:19:578458.  doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S578458##[2]. Mahdi A. An Analysis of Legal Challenges and Solutions for the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence in Irans Adminstrative System. Administrative Law 2025;12(42):205-29. [In Persian]  ‎doi: 10.66224/qjal.12.42.205##[3]. Li Z, Wu W, Kang H. Machine Learning-Driven Metabolic Syndrome Prediction: An International Cohort Validation Study. Healthcare; 2024; 12(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12242527##[4]. Wang FH, Lin CM. The Utility of Artificial Neural Networks for the Non-Invasive Prediction of Metabolic Syndrome Based on Personal Characteristics. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(24):9288.  doi: 10.3390/ijerph17249288##[5]. Janati A, Jafari Shahbazzadeh M. The role of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis of Chronic Disease Journal of Health and Biomedical Informatics 2024; 10(4): 400-3. [In Persian] doi: 10.34172/jhbmi.2024.08##[6]. Farboud M, Hessam S, Vahdat S, Tofighi S. Priority demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors influencing the prevention of metabolic syndrome in adults Iran J Health Insur 2025;8(3):193-214.##[7]. Bazmi S, Afshar L, Mousavinejad S. Artificial Intelligence and Ethical Challenges Respecting the Human Dignity of the Patient with an Emphasis on Autonomy. Journal of Medical Council of Iran 2025;43(1): 18-29. [In Persian]. https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.22034/43.1.5.##[8]. Behzadifar M, Azari S, Sajedimehr N, Aalipour A, Nematkhah M, Teli BD, et al. Challenges of using artificial intelligence in Iran’s health system: a qualitative study. J Prev Med Hyg 2025;66(3):E331-E40.  doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.3.3698##[9]. Derakhshan S, Khalili D, Mahdavi A, Hashemi-Nazari SS, Kavousi A, Hadavandsiri F, et al. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the Iran-package of essential non-communicable disease (IraPEN) program in reducing cardiovascular disease risk in pilot areas. BMC Public Health 2025;25(1):429. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21168-3##[10]. Chaquila JA, Ramirez-Jeri G, Miranda-Torvisco F, Baquerizo-Sedano L, Aparco JP. Predictive ability of anthropometric indices for risk of developing metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study. J Int Med Res##2024;52(11):3000605241300017.  doi: 10.1177/03000605241300017##[11]. Cui C, Qi Y, Song J, Shang X, Han T, Han N, et al. Comparison of triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices in prediction of cardiovascular diseases in middle aged and older Chinese adults. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024;23(1):185.  doi: 10.1186/s12933-024-02278-z##[12]. Helms MM, Nixon J. Exploring SWOT analysis–where are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade. Journal of Strategy and Management 2010;3(3):215-51. doi:10.1108/17554251011064837##[13]. Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 2006;3(2):77- 101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa##[14]. Zoschke IN, Betancur A, Ehsan S, TenHaken JD, Rahman JR, King-Tezino K, et al. SWOT analysis and recommendations for community health workers and stakeholders responding to COVID-19 health inequities. Health Promot Pract 2024;25(6):971-84. doi: 10.1177/15248399231201131##[15]. Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Criteria for Assessing Naturalistic Inquiries as Reports; 1988##[16]. Alemipasand SF, Farahani E. Capacity building for the implementation of artificial intelligence in public organizations. Journal of Entrepreneurship Technology and Management 2024;3(5):15-36. [In Persian]##[17]. Caci L, Nyantakyi E, Blum K, Sonpar A, Schultes MT, Albers B, et al. Organizational readiness for change: A systematic review of the healthcare literature. Implement Res Pract 2025:6:26334895251334536.  doi: 10.1177/26334895251334536##[18]. Miller RL. Rogers&#039; innovation diffusion theory (1962, 1995). InInformation seeking behavior and technology adoption: Theories and trends. IGI Global Scientific Publishing; 2015. p. 261-74.##[19]. Ahmed MI, Spooner B, Isherwood J, Lane M, Orrock E, Dennison A. A systematic review of the barriers to the implementation of artificial intelligence in healthcare. Cureus 2023;15(10): e46454. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46454##[20]. Henzler D, Schmidt S, Koçar A, Herdegen S, Lindinger GL, Maris MT, et al. Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on artificial intelligence in patient care: a systematic review of hindering and facilitating factors on different levels. BMC Health Serv Res 2025;25:633. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12664-2##[21]. Azari F, Abdollahi A. Evaluation of Organizational AI Maturity: A Systematic Literature Review and Extraction of AI Maturity Frameworks. Journal of Intelligent Strategic Management 2025;4(1):145-70. https://doi.org/bumara. 3.2.11545654.545845.45 ##[22]. Jindal D, Sharma H, Gupta Y, Ajay VS, Roy A, Sharma R, et al. Improving care for hypertension and diabetes in india by addition of clinical decision support system and task shifting in the national NCD program: I-TREC model of care. BMC Health Serv Res 2022;22(1):688. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08025-y##[23]. Bulut A, Kasap Rİ, Yılmaz N. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the digital competence questionnaire for nurses. BMC Nurs 2025;24(1):1225. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03052-6##[24]. Yusefi AR, Dehghani Z, Nahardani SZ, Ramezani G, Keshavarzi MH. An analysis of facilitating and hindering factors in effective evidence-based medical education: a study within the context of medical education in Iran. BMC Medical Education 2025;25(1):1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-08187-3##[25]. Hassan M, Kushniruk A, Borycki E. Barriers to and facilitators of artificial intelligence adoption in health care: scoping review. JMIR Hum Factors 2024;11:e48633.  doi: 10.2196/48633##[26]. Raeissi P, Rajabi MR, Ahmadizadeh E, Rajabkhah K, Kakemam E. Quality of work life and factors associated with it among nurses in public hospitals, Iran. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2019;94:25. doi: 10.1186/s42506-019-0029-2##[27]. Rahmati F, Mashayekhi J. Ethical considerations of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in health‑care system. Payesh  2024;23(5): 793-6. doi:10.61186/payesh.23.5.793##[28]. Dehnavieh R, Inayatullah S, Yousefi F, Nadali M. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the future of Iran’s Primary Health Care (PHC) system. BMC Primary Care 2025;26(1):75. doi:10.1186/s12875-025-02773-6##[29]. Tofighi S, Rahimi R, Zehtab Hashemi H. The Future of Clinical Practice Guidelines: Integrating Artificial Intelligence for Optimal Care. Iran J Cult Health Promot 2023; 7(2) :207-14. doi: 10.22034/7.2.7## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>بازاندیشی حکمرانی آموزش عالی در عصر هوش مصنوعی: ضرورت گذار به حکمرانی پیش‌نگر و هوشمند</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Reconceptualizing Higher Education Governance in the AI Era: The Necessity of a Shift Toward Foresighted and Intelligent Governance</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقاله از نوع نامه به سردبیر است، فلذا فاقد چکیده می باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>The article is a letter to the editor, so it does not have an abstract.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>53</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>58</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/32025/10/12026/03/252026/05/4
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1405/2/14
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/302026/05/142026/05/242026/05/26
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/3/5
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>علی‌اکبر</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>حقدوست</Family>
				<NameE>Ali Akbar</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Haghdoost</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات مدل‌سازی در سلامت، پژوهشکده آینده‌پژوهی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>ahaghdoost@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>رضا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>دهنویه</Family>
				<NameE>Reza</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Dehnavieh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات آینده نگری و نوآوری در سلامت، پژوهشکده آینده پژوهی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>rdehnavi@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Artificial Intelligence</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Higher Education</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Medical Education</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Anticipatory Governance</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Future of Work</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Educational Transformation</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>هوش مصنوعی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آموزش عالی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آموزش علوم پزشکی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>حکمرانی پیش‌نگر</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>آینده مشاغل</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تحول آموزشی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Guidance for Generative AI in Education and Research. Paris: UNESCO; 2023.##[2]. World Economic Forum. The future of jobs report 2025. Geneva: World Economic Forum; 2025.##[3]. Gallup, Lumina Foundation. U.S. public trust in higher education rises from recent low. Washington, DC: Gallup; 2025.##[4]. Association of American Medical Colleges. Principles for the responsible use of artificial intelligence in and for medical education. Washington, DC: AAMC; 2024.##[5]. Masters K. Ethical use of Artificial Intelligence in Health Professions Education: AMEE Guide No. 158. Medical Teacher 2023;45(6):574-84. doi:10.1080/0142159X.2023.2186203.##[6]. Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence. AI Index Report 2025. Stanford University; 2025.## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>نقش پردازش تصویر و یادگیری ماشین در تحول تشخیص‌های پزشکی</TitleF>
		<TitleE>The Role of Image Processing and Machine Learning in the Transformation of Medical Diagnostics</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>1</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>مقاله از نوع نامه به سردبیر است، فلذا فاقد چکیده می باشد.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>The article is a letter to the editor, so it does not have an abstract.</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>59</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>63</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/32025/10/12026/03/252026/05/42026/04/19
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1405/1/30
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/302026/05/142026/05/242026/05/262026/05/11
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/2/21
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>فرزان</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>مددی زاده</Family>
				<NameE>Farzan</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Madadizadeh</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات انفورماتیک پزشکی، پژوهشکده آینده پژوهی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>madadizadehfarzan@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>محمد مهدی</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>قائمی</Family>
				<NameE>Mohammad Mahdi</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Ghaemi</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات انفورماتیک پزشکی، پژوهشکده آینده پژوهی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>dr.mghaemi@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>ژیلا</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>آقارضائی</Family>
				<NameE>Zhila</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Agharezaei</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>مرکز تحقیقات انفورماتیک پزشکی، پژوهشکده آینده پژوهی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>zh.agharezaei@gmail.com</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Image processing</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Machine Learning</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Deep convolutional neural network</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Medical diagnosis</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>پردازش تصویر</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>یادگیری ماشین</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>شبکه عصبی کانولوشنال عمیق</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>تشخیص پزشکی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. Garg P, Sharma MK, Kumar P. Transparency in diagnosis: unveiling the power of deep learning and explainable AI for medical image interpretation. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 2025;50(19):15751-67.##[2]. Al-Zoghby AM, Ebada AI, Saleh AS, Abdelhay M, Awad WA. A comprehensive review of multimodal deep learning for enhanced medical diagnostics. Computers, Materials &#38; Continua. 2025;84(3):4155-93. doi: 10.32604/cmc.2025.065571##[3]. Lamba R. Advances in AI for medical imaging: a review of machine and deep learning in disease detection. Procedia Computer Science 2025;260:262-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.03.201##[4]. Hamim SA, Aftab RS, Ahmed MM, Abdullah-Al-Jubair M, Mridha MF. Enhancing Medical Image Analysis with Advanced Optimization Techniques: A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Model Optimizers. InNature-Inspired Approaches to Engineering and Healthcare Solutions. Switzerland: Springer; 2026. p. 247-64.##[5]. Abdellaoui C, Belkacem S, Messaoudi N. Deep learning architectures for medical image segmentation: an organized analysis of CNN-based models and uses. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 2026;15(1):424-37. doi: https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v15i1.10839##[6]. Agharezaei Z, Shirshekar M, Firouzi R, Hassanzadeh S, Zarei-Ghanavati S, Bahaadinbeigy K, et al. A new morphological classification of keratoconus using few-shot learning in candidates for intrastromal corneal ring implants. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. 2025;106:107664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.107664##[7]. Xu Y, Khan TM, Song Y, Meijering E. Edge deep learning in computer vision and medical diagnostics: a comprehensive survey. arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.06714. 2026.##[8]. Agharezaei Z, Firouzi R, Hassanzadeh S, Zarei-Ghanavati S, Bahaadinbeigy K, Golabpour A, et al. Computer-aided diagnosis of keratoconus through VAE-augmented images using deep learning. Scientific Reports 2023;13(1):20586. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46903-5## ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>


	<ARTICLE> 
		<TitleF>فراتر از هوشمند سازی: ضرورت گذار به زیست بوم سلامت دیجیتال در  ایران</TitleF>
		<TitleE>Beyond Digitalization: The Imperative for Transitioning to a Digital Health Ecosystem in Iran</TitleE>
		<TitleLang_ID>1</TitleLang_ID>
		<ABSTRACTS>
			<ABSTRACT>
			<Language_ID>2</Language_ID>
			<CONTENT>&#160;</CONTENT>
			</ABSTRACT>
		</ABSTRACTS>

		<PAGES>
			<PAGE>
			<FPAGE>73</FPAGE>
			<TPAGE>76</TPAGE>
			</PAGE>
		</PAGES>

		<RECEIVE_DATE>
			2025/12/312025/08/32025/10/12026/03/252026/05/42026/04/192026/05/22
		</RECEIVE_DATE>

		<RECEIVE_DATE_FA>
			1405/3/1
		</RECEIVE_DATE_FA>

		<ACCEPT_DATE>
			2026/04/62026/03/302026/05/142026/05/242026/05/262026/05/112026/06/11
		</ACCEPT_DATE>

		<ACCEPT_DATE_FA>
			1405/3/21
		</ACCEPT_DATE_FA>

		<AUTHORS>
			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>احمد</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>رادان</Family>
				<NameE>Ahmad</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Radan</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشجوی دکتری رشته آینده پژوهی، دانشگاه ایوانکی، سمنان، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>haghiri@hums.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>فرزانه</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>میرشاه ولایتی</Family>
				<NameE>Farzaneh</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Mir Shah Velayati</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>استادیار و عضو هیات علمی، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>f.shahvelayati@ihcs.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>

			<AUTHOR>
				<Name>فرید</Name>
				<MidName></MidName>
				<Family>خرمی</Family>
				<NameE>Farid</NameE>
				<MidNameE></MidNameE>
				<FamilyE>Khorrami</FamilyE>
				<Organizations>
				<Organization>دانشیار مدیریت اطلاعات سلامت،گروه فناوری اطلاعات سلامت، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران</Organization>
				</Organizations>
				<Countries>
				<Country></Country>
				</Countries>
				<EMAILS>
				<Email>faridkhorrami@hums.ac.ir</Email>
				</EMAILS>
			</AUTHOR>
		</AUTHORS>


		<KEYWORDS>
			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Digital Health Ecosystem</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Artificial Intelligence (AI)</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>Data Governance</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>زیست بوم سلامت دیجیتال</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>هوش مصنوعی</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>

			<KEYWORD>
				<KeyText>حکمرانی داده</KeyText>
			</KEYWORD>
		</KEYWORDS>

		<REFRENCES>
			<REFRENCE>
				<REF>[1]. Haghdoost AA. Healthcare System Intelligentization: Benefits and Challenges. Journal of Health and Biomedical Informatics 2025; 11(4): 348-51. [In Persian [ doi:10.34172/jhbmi.2025.06 ##[2].  Khan I, Maher M, Khurshid A. Creating a Health Data Marketplace for the Digital Health Era. Blockchain Healthc Today 2024;7:10. doi: 10.30953/bhty.v7.338##[3]. Tucker J. WHO and artificial intelligence: contesting global health futures through foresight. Front Public Health 2025:13:1659980. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1659980##[4]. Mishra A, Majumder A, Kommineni D, Anna Joseph C, Chowdhury T, Anumula SK. Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2025;17(4):e82310.   doi: 10.7759/cureus.82310##[5]. World Health Organization (WHO). Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Agenda item 4d: Report on the health system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Cairo: WHO EMRO; 2022 [cited 2026 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.emro.who.int/images/stories/about-who/rc71/RC71_Agenda_item_4d_Iran.pdf##[1]	Haghdoost AA. Healthcare System Intelligentization: Benefits and Challenges. Journal of Health and Biomedical Informatics2025; 11(4): 348-51. [In Persian [##[2]	Khan I, Maher M, Khurshid A. Creating a Health Data Marketplace for the Digital Health Era. Blockchain Health Today. 2024 Aug 31; 7:338. doi: 10.30953/bhty. v7.338. PMID: 39649416; PMCID: PMC11624494.##[3]	Tucker J. WHO and artificial intelligence: contesting global health futures through foresight. Front Public Health. 2025 Nov 12; 13:1659980. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1659980. PMID: 41312253; PMCID: PMC12649817.##[4]	Mishra A, Majumder A, Kommineni D, Anna Joseph C, Chowdhury T, Anumula SK. Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2025 Apr 15;17(4):e82310. doi: 10.7759/cureus.82310. PMID: 40376348; PMCID: PMC12081128.##[5]	World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Agenda item 4d: Report on the health system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Cairo: WHO EMRO; 2022 [cited 2026 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.emro.who.int/images/stories/about-who/rc71/RC71_Agenda_item_4d_Iran.pdf ##</REF>
			</REFRENCE>
		</REFRENCES>

	</ARTICLE>

</ARTICLES>

</JOURNAL>
</XML>
